Android Mobile Operating System Version

   

                        Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google, based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Android's user interface is mainly based on direct manipulation, using touch gestures that loosely correspond to real-world actions, such as swiping, tapping and pinching, to manipulate on-screen objects, along with a virtual keyboard for text input. In addition to touchscreen devices, Google has further developed Android TV for televisions, Android Auto for cars, and Android Wear for wrist watches, each with a specialized user interface. Variants of Android are also used on notebooks, game consoles, digital cameras, and other electronics.

                  Android is the name of the mobile operating system owned by American company, Google. It most commonly comes installed on a variety of smartphones and tablets from a host of manufacturers offering users access to Google’s own services like Search, YouTube, Maps, Gmail and more.

                This means you can easily look for information on the web, watch videos, search for directions and write emails on your phone, just as you would on your computer, but there’s more to Android than these simple examples.

ANDROID VERSIONS

 ANDROID VERSIONS:

          ALPHA 1.0

                      BETA 1.1

          CUPCAKE 1.5

                      DONUT 1.6

          ECLAIR 2.0 - 2.1

                      FROYO 2.2 - 2.2.3

          GINGERBREAD 2.3-2.3.7

                       HONEYCOMB 3.0 - 3.2.6

          ICECREAM AND SANDWICH 4.0 - 4.0.4

                       JELLYBEAN 4.1 - 4.3.1

          KITKAT  4.4 - 4.4.4

                        LOLLIPOP 5.0 - 5.1.1

      MARSHMALLOW 6.0 - 6.0.1                     

                   NOUGAT  7.0 - 7.1.1

                                               Android 1.5 "Cupcake" was the second Android version developed by Google, a major platform release deployable to Android-powered handsets starting in May 2009. The release includes new features for users and developers, as well as changes in the Android framework API. For developers, the Android 1.5 platform is available as a downloadable component for the Android SDK.

                                     

                                     Android 1.6 "Donut" is a discontinued version and the dessert-themed Android code name for the version 1.6 update of the open source Android mobile operating system. Developed by Google, Donut made its debut in fall 2009 for a variety of smartphones, adding new features like support for CDMA smartphones, support for additional screen sizes, a battery usage indicator, and a text-to-speech engine

                                    Android  2.0–2.1 "Eclair" is a discontinued version of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google. Unveiled on October 26, 2009, Android 2.1 builds upon the significant changes made in Android 1.6 "Donut".

                                    Android 2.2–2.2.3 "Froyo" is a discontinued version of the Android   mobile operating system developed by Google, spanning versions between 2.2 and 2.2.3. It was unveiled on May 20, 2010, during the Google I/O 2010 conference.

One of the most prominent changes in the Froyo release was USB tethering and Wi-Fi hotspot functionality. Other changes include support for the Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM) service, enabling push notifications, Additional application speed improvements, implemented through JIT compilation and displayed within applications as top-of-the-screen banners.As of August 13, 2016, statistics issued by Google indicate that 0.1% of all Android devices accessing Google Play run Froyo

                                        Android 2.3–2.3.7 "Gingerbread" is a legacy version of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google and released in December 2010. The Gingerbread release introduced support for near field communication (NFC)—in mobile payment solutions—and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)—used in VoIP internet telephony.Gingerbread's user interface was refined in many ways, making it easier to master, faster to use, and more power-efficient. A simplified color scheme with a black background gave vividness and contrast to the notification bar, menus, and other user interface components. Improvements in menus and settings resulted in easier navigation and system control.The Nexus S smartphone, released in 2010, was the first phone from the Google Nexus line that ran Gingerbread, and also the first one from the line with built-in NFC functionality.

Gingerbread uses version 2.6.35 of the Linux kernel.As of September 5, 2016, statistics issued by Google indicate that 1.5% of all Android devices accessing Google Play run Gingerbread

                                        Android 3.0–3.2.6 "Honeycomb" is a discontinued version of the Android platform that was designed for devices with larger screen sizes, particularly tablets. Honeycomb debuted with the Motorola Xoom in February 2011.^[1][2] Besides the addition of new features, Honeycomb introduced a new so-called "holographic" user interface theme and an interaction model that built on the main features of Android, such as multitasking, notifications and widgets

                            Android 4.0–4.0.4 "Ice Cream Sandwich" is a discontinued version of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google. Unveiled on October 19, 2011, Android 4.0 builds upon the significant changes made by the tablet-only release Android Honeycomb, in an effort to create a unified platform for both smartphones and tablets, whilst simplifying and modernizing the overall Android experience around a new set of human interface guidelines. As part of these efforts, Android 4.0 introduced a new visual appearance codenamed "Holo", which is built around a cleaner, minimalist design, and a new default typeface named Roboto.

The Ice Cream Sandwich release also introduced a number of other new features, including a refreshed home screen, near-field communication (NFC) support and the ability to "beam" content to another user using the technology, an updated web browser, a new contacts manager with social network integration, the ability to access the camera and control music playback from the lock screen, visual voicemail support, face recognition for device unlocking ("Face Unlock"), the ability to monitor and limit mobile data usage, and other internal improvements.

Android 4.0 received positive reviews by critics, who praised the cleaner, revamped appearance of the operating system in comparison to previous versions, along with its improved performance and functionality. However, critics still felt that some of Android 4.0's stock apps were still lacking in quality and functionality in comparison to third-party equivalents, and regarded some of the operating system's new features, particularly the "face unlock" feature, as being gimmicks.

                               Android 4.1–4.3.1 "Jelly Bean" is the name given to three major point releases of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google, spanning versions between 4.1 and 4.3.1.The first of these three, 4.1, was unveiled at Google's I/O developer conference in June 2012, focusing on performance improvements designed to give the operating system a smoother and more responsive feel, improvements to the notification system allowing for "expandable" notifications with action buttons, and other internal changes. Two more releases were made under the Jelly Bean name in October 2012 and July 2013 respectively, including 4.2—which included further optimizations, multi-user support for tablets, lock screen widgets, quick settings, and screen savers, and 4.3—contained further improvements and updates to the underlying Android platform

                               Android 4.4–4.4.4 "KitKat" is a version of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google, spanning versions between 4.4 and 4.4.4. Unveiled on September 3, 2013, KitKat focused primarily on optimizing the operating system for improved performance on entry-level devices with limited resources.

                             Android 5.0–5.1.1 "Lollipop" is a version of the Android mobile operating system developed by Google, spanning versions between 5.0 and 5.1.1.^[2] Unveiled on June 25, 2014 at the Google I/O 2014 conference, it became available through official over-the-air (OTA) updates on November 12, 2014, for select devices that run distributions of Android serviced by Google (such as Nexus and Google Play edition devices). Its source code was made available on November 3, 2014.

One of the most prominent changes in the Lollipop release is a redesigned user interface built around a design language known as Material Design, which was made to retain a paper-like feel to the interface. Other changes include improvements to the notifications, which can be accessed from the lockscreen and displayed within applications as top-of-the-screen banners. Google also made internal changes to the platform, with the Android Runtime (ART) officially replacing Dalvik for improved application performance, and with changes intended to improve and optimize battery usage.

As of November 2016, statistics issued by Google indicate that 34% of all Android devices accessing Google Play run Lollipop.

          Android 6.0–6.0.1 "Marshmallow" (codenamed Android M during development) is the 6th major version of the Android operating system. First unveiled in May 2015 at Google I/O, it was officially released in October 2015.

Marshmallow primarily focuses on improving the overall user experience of its predecessor, LollipopIt introduced a new permissions architecture, new APIs for contextual assistants (first used by a new feature "Now on Tap" to provide context-sensitive search results), a new power management system that reduces background activity when a device is not being physically handled, native support for fingerprint recognition and USB Type-C connectors, the ability to migrate data and applications to a microSD card, and other internal changes.

As of December 2016, 24% of devices accessing Google Play run Android 6.0.

                        Android 7.0–7.1.1 "Nougat" (codenamed Android N during development) is the seventh major version of the Android operating system. First released as a beta build on March 9, 2016,it was officially released on August 22, 2016, with Nexus devices being the first to receive the update, though the LG V20 was the first new smartphone released with Nougat.^[6]

Nougat introduces notable changes to the operating system and its development platform, including the ability to display multiple apps on-screen at once in a split-screen view, support for inline replies to notifications, as well as an OpenJDK-based Java environment and support for the Vulkan graphics rendering API, and "seamless" system updates on supported devices